diff --git a/docs/snc4mz.md b/docs/snc4mz.md index 927196b..827268e 100644 --- a/docs/snc4mz.md +++ b/docs/snc4mz.md @@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ The course code for this page is **SNC4MZ**. -CHEM! - ## Organic chemistry !!! definition @@ -654,6 +652,31 @@ Amides carry the suffix **-amide** and are otherwise named equivalently to ester !!! example (Source: Kognity) +### Nitriles + +Nitriles consist of a cyanide(s) attached at the end of a carbon chain. + +$$\ce{R-C#N}$$ + +As they can only be placed at the end of a carbon chain, a positional number is not used. These have the highest priority of all organic compounds and use the suffix **-nitrile** and the prefix **cyano-**. + +!!! example + - methanenitrile + - methanedinitrile + +Nitriles are synthesised through the nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkanes, **extending their carbon chain**. +$$\ce{R-X + C#N- -> R-C#N + X-}$$ + +### Reduction reactions + +### Retro-synthesis + +### Simple polymers + +### Polyesters and polyamides + +### Stereoisomers + ### Properties of organic compounds **Alcohols** are able to form hydrogen bonds, so are soluble in water. Increasing the length of the main chain decreases solubility as the rest of the molecule is non-polar, but this can be compensated by adding more hydroxyls too.