Update Unit_5_Astronomy_Study_Sheet.md

Grade 9/Science/SNC1DZ/Unit_5_Astronomy_Study_Sheet.md

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 # Unit 5: Astronomy
 
 ## Terms
-- `AU` = Astronmical Unit, which is the distance between the sun and the Earth = $`1.5 times 10^8`$
-- `1 Light year` = $`9.46 \times 10^{12}`$
+- `AU` = Astronmical Unit, which is the distance between the sun and the Earth = $`1.5 \times 10^8km`$
+- `1 Light year` = $`9.46 \times 10^{12}km`$
+- `Satellite`: Celestial objects that travel around a planet (or dwarf planet)
+- `Orbit`: Closed path of a celestial object/satellite as it travels around another celestial object.
+- `Celestial Object`: Any object that exists in space.
+- `Universe`: Everthing that exists, including all energy, matter and space 
+- `Electromagnetic Spectrum`: is the range of frequenices  (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies.
+- `Electromagnetic Radiation`: refers to the waves (or their quanta, photons) of the electromagnetic field, propagating (radiating) through space, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy. It includes `radio waves`, `microwaves`, `infrared`, (visible) `light`, `ultraviolet`, `X-rays`, and `gamma rays`.
 - Our milky way is a spiral yeet (forgot full lesson, think this is all you need).
 
 ## Layers of the Sun
@@ -40,6 +46,28 @@
 - `Northern Lights` = `Aurora Borealis`.
 - `Southern Lights` = `Aurora Australis`. 
 
+## Earth's Rotation And Seasons
+- The reason of why we have seasons is due to Earth's rotation around the sun (orbit), its like an egg shaped orbit, we have have summer when the earth is the closest to the sun, and winter when its the farthest away. 
+- Earth spins on an angle, and makes one revolution per 24 hours, and the side facing the sun is morning and the other is night.
+
+### Lunar Eclipses
+- Lunar eclipses occur when Earth's shadow blocks the sun's light, which otherwise reflects off the moon. There are three types — `total`, `partial` and `penumbral` — with the most dramatic being a total lunar eclipse, in which Earth's shadow completely covers the moon
+- A total lunar eclipse occurs when the moon and the sun are on exact opposite sides of Earth. Although the moon is in Earth's shadow, some sunlight reaches the moon. The sunlight passes through Earth's atmosphere, which causes Earth’s atmosphere to filter out most of the blue light. This makes the moon appear red to people on Earth.
+- A partial lunar eclipse happens when only a part of the moon enters Earth's shadow. In a partial eclipse, Earth's shadow appears very dark on the side of the moon facing Earth What people see from Earth during a partial lunar eclipse depends on how the sun, Earth and moon are lined up.
+
+A lunar eclipse usually lasts for a few hours. At least two partial lunar eclipses happen every year, but total lunar eclipses are rare. It is safe to look at a lunar eclipse.
+<img src="https://cms.qz.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/lunar-eclipse-longest-21st-century.jpg?quality=75&strip=all&w=410&h=230.53714285714284" width="500">
+<br>
+<img src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/side_image/public/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0.jpg?itok=h-yNxUym" width="500">
+
+### Solar Eclipses
+- Sometimes when the moon orbits Earth, it moves between the sun and Earth. When this happens, the moon blocks the light of the sun from reaching Earth. This causes an eclipse of the sun, or solar eclipse. During a solar eclipse, the moon casts a shadow onto Earth
+- The first is a total solar eclipse. A total solar eclipse is only visible from a small area on Earth. The people who see the total eclipse are in the center of the moon’s shadow when it hits Earth. The sky becomes very dark, as if it were night. For a total eclipse to take place, the sun, moon and Earth must be in a direct line.
+- The second type of solar eclipse is a partial solar eclipse. This happens when the sun, moon and Earth are not exactly lined up. The sun appears to have a dark shadow on only a small part of its surface.
+- The third type is an annular solar eclipse. An annular eclipse happens when the moon is farthest from Earth. Because the moon is farther away from Earth, it seems smaller. It does not block the entire view of the sun. The moon in front of the sun looks like a dark disk on top of a larger sun-colored disk. This creates what looks like a ring around the moon.
+
+<img src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/side_image/public/solar-eclipse-diagram.jpg?itok=5fiowmol" width="500">
+
 ## The Solar System
 
 <img src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/960x0/https%3A%2F%2Fblogs-images.forbes.com%2Fstartswithabang%2Ffiles%2F2018%2F05%2Fshot.jpg" width="800">