diff --git a/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 1: Chemistry Part 2.md b/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 1: Chemistry Part 2.md index b6a1651..0f83fc1 100644 --- a/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 1: Chemistry Part 2.md +++ b/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 1: Chemistry Part 2.md @@ -1,19 +1,34 @@ # Chemistry ## Acids - + - All acids contain hydrogen ions + - Behave like molecular compounds while out of water + - Behave like ionic compounds while aqueous + - Hydrogen ions are released + - Conduct electricity + - Reacts with active metals depending on the activity series + - Corrosive (reacts with skin) + - Sour-tasting + ### Naming Binary Acids - $`HCl_{(g)} \rightarrow`$ hydrogen chloride - $`HCl_{(aq)} \rightarrow`$ **hydro**fluoric **acid** - Need to put the **hydro** prefix as it tells us its disolved in water and is an acid -## Oxyacids - ### Naming Oxyacids - `ite` ions make `ous` acides (suffix). $`HCLO_2 = `$ Chlor**ous** acid - `ate` ions make `ic` acides (suffix). $`HCLO_3 = `$ Chlor**ic** acid - Prefixes stay the same +## Bases + - All bases contain hydroxide or carbonate ions + - Behave like molecular compounds while out of water + - Behave like ionic compounds while aqueous + - Hydroxide ions are released + - Conduct electricity + - Reacts with fats and oils to form soap + - Bitter-tasting + ## Chemical Change - Similar to chemical reaction @@ -26,7 +41,7 @@ ## Representing Chemical Reactions - A Chemical equation! - Used to model what is happening during a chemical reaction. - - We use an arrow instead of an equal sign to show `beomces`, `reacts to form`, `produces` + - We use an arrow instead of an equal sign to show `becomes`, `reacts to form`, `produces` - On the **left** side, we always have the **`REACTANTS`**, (INPUT), these get used up in the chemical reaction - There can be plus signs to show multiple `reactants`. (Recipes, we are adding them together) - On the **right** side, we have the **`PRODUCTS`** (OUTPUT). @@ -92,5 +107,8 @@ - Looks similar to double displacement - Always makes a salt and water - Note: Scientific definition of salt is any soluble ionic compound - - $`H(A) + B(OH) \rightarrow AB + H_{2}O`$ + - If carbonic acid ($`H_{2}CO_{3}`$) would be formed it instantly splits into water and carbon dioxide + - This reaction occurs even if both products would be aqueous + - If this reaction occurs the product is written as water and carbon dioxide + - $`H(A) + B(OH) \rightarrow AB + H_{2}O`$ or $`H(A) + B(CO_{3}) \rightarrow AB + H_{2}O + CO_{2}`$ - e.g., $`HCl_{(aq)} + NaOH_{(aq)} \rightarrow NaCl_{(aq)} + H_{2}O`$ \ No newline at end of file