diff --git a/Grade 9/Geography.md b/Grade 9/Geography.md index 7152061..ee7feb4 100644 --- a/Grade 9/Geography.md +++ b/Grade 9/Geography.md @@ -483,9 +483,58 @@ >> The result of this was way too many ```boys``` as families wanted boys because they would stay with them and carry on their family name > ## Demographic Transition Model (DTM) ->> |Stage|Description| ->> |:----|:----------| ->> +>> - The development of agriculture +>> - The transition from rural to urban residence +>> - An increased awareness of disease prevention and cures +>> - Change in the societal role of females +>> - Changes in preferred family size + +>> ### Stages + +>> 1. **Pre-Transition** +>> - Both birth and death rates are ```high``` +>> - Woman have ```6 to 10``` children on average +>> - Most children die before adulthood +>> - The population does not grow/grows ```minimally``` +>> - **```No country is currently in this stage```** +>> - Food is ```hunted``` and ```gathered``` +>> - Very ```basic forms``` of agriculture +>> - Life is ```harsh and uncertain``` +>> - ```Diseases are very common and deadly``` +>> - Most people die from ```disease```, ```poor nutrition```, or ```contaminated drinking water``` + +>> 2. **Early Transition** +>> - Birth rates are ```high```, death rate drops ```dramatically``` +>> - ```Population explosion``` +>> - ```Very few countries``` are in this stage +>> - Examples: ```Chad, Niger``` +>> - ```Agriculture``` is very common +>> - Commercial food production ```increases``` +>> - ```Less diseases``` due to simple sanitation improvements +>> - People begin ```migrating``` to ```urban``` areas +>> - Large families persist, but less children die + +>> 3. **Late Transition** +>> - Birth rate ```drops quickly```, death rate drops further +>> - ```Small families``` are becoming the norm +>> - The ```natural increase``` rate (in population) drops +>> - Most people live in ```urban``` areas +>> - ```Mechanization```, especially in ```agriculture``` + +>> 4. **Post Transition** +>> - Birth rate and death rate ```stabilize``` to around the same level +>> - However the ```replacement rate``` (number of births per woman that result in a stable population, is usually ```2:1```) is ```dramtically declining``` +>> - Alot of the population is ```graying``` +>> - More than ```80%``` of the population is urban +>> - Woman work ```full-time``` jobs similarly to men + +> ## Push and Pull Factors + +>> **```Push Factor```**: A reason that encourages people to move away from their current country +>> - Examples: ```Undesired climate, threat of war, economic problems, poor environmental conditions``` + +>> **```Pull Factor```**: A reason that makes particular country seem attractive to potential immigrants +>> - Examples: ```Economic opportunities, political stability, freedom, residental friends and family``` > ## Type of Immigrants @@ -514,6 +563,14 @@ > ## Wher are Immigrants coming from? > ## Migration of FNMI +>> Aboriginals make up ```4.3%``` of canadas population +>> Are not spread across the country ```evenly```` +>> - For example, ```16.2%``` of aboriginals reside in ```Saskatchewan``` and ```Manitoba``` combined, while ```53.2%``` reside in ```three territories``` + +>> Are increasingly moving to ```urban areas``` +>> - The land given through treaties and reserves is often of ```poor quality``` +>> - Results in a ```lack of jobs```, ```overcrowded housing```, and ```lack of resources``` +>> - In Ontario, ```80%``` of FNMI live ```off-reserve``