Update Unit 1: Chemistry.md

Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 1: Chemistry.md

@@ -30,10 +30,22 @@
 - Involved in studying, varifying information (eg the periodic table -> Describes the elements -> pure susbtances made of only one kind of atom),and publishing.
 
 ## Trends on the Periodic Table
+
+## Rows
 - Same energy level in each period
 - Same number of valence electrons in each group
 - Across a row/period $`\rightarrow`$ more $`p^+`$ in nucleus $`\rightarrow`$ greater attraction to $`e^-`$
-- s 
+- Atomic radius decreases as you move acroos a row/period, due to more protons in the nucleus that attract the negatives.
+- Atomic radius is the from the center of the atom (nucleus) to the outer most shell (valence shell)
+
+## Columns
+- down a column, increase of energy level, as you move down
+- every atom has only one valence shell (cause its the most outer shell)
+- if valence shell is further away from the nucleus, less attractive force between nucleus and valence $`e^-`$
+- more energy levels where $`e-`$ can be
+- Negative electrons are repeling the valence shell electrons `(shielding)`
+- `Shielding` "inner electrons" repel valence electrons and "block" attraction force between valence electrons and nucleus
+- Atomic radius increases as you move down a column/group
 
 ## Metals
 - They tend to lose electrons
@@ -44,3 +56,26 @@
 - They are dull, bad conductors - insulators
 - Tend to gain electrons
 - The have a strong hold on electrons
+
+## Bonds
+- An ionic bond is a bond between a negative ion and a positive ion (so a anion and a cation)
+- An convalent bond is a bond between 2 non-metals
+- An ion is a charged particle
+- An anion is formed when an particle gains electrons
+- An cation is formed when an particle loses electrons
+- We can use modesl(e.g Lewis dot diagrams) to show bonding
+- Atoms will lose or gain electrons to achieve noble gas $`e^-`$ configuration $`\rightarrow`$ The most common stable ion. (eg, if $`Na`$ loses electrons, it becomes like $`Ne`$, if $`Cl`$ gains an electron, it becomes like $`Ar`$)
+- To show that atoms are different than ions, we put square brackets around it $`[Na]`$, then we put superscript on the top right to show its charge, $`[Na]^+`$ (if the charge is only a $`\pm 1`$, we just put a $`+`$ instead of $`+1`$)
+
+## Non Metal Ionic Names
+|Name|Name|
+|:---|:---|
+|Hydride|Boride|
+|Carbide|Nitride|
+|Oxide|Fluoride|
+|Silicide|Phosphide|
+|Sulphide/Sulfide|Chloride|
+|Arsenide|Selenide|
+|Bromide|Telluride|
+|Iodide|Astitide|
+