diff --git a/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md b/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md index d795523..6537acb 100644 --- a/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md +++ b/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md @@ -232,4 +232,17 @@ A person contains roughly 100 trillion cells ### Stem Cells - They are an **unspecialized** cell that has the potential to become one of several types of cells. - Can either divide to two stem cells or one stem cell and one specialised cell -- Specialised cells generally do not divide \ No newline at end of file +- Specialised cells generally do not divide + +| Type of Stem Cell | Obtaining | Potential | Pros | Cons | +| :--- | :--- | :--- |:--- | :--- | +| Totipotent | Morula (16-cell ball) 3-4 days after lab-fertilised zygote | Unlimited | Unlimited potential, does not initiate immune response | Ethical concerns of destroying fertilized embryos | +| Pluripotent | Blastocyst (200-300 cell ball) 4-7 days after fertilisation | Nearly unlimited | Nearly unlimited potential, no need to create new embryo as most are taken from discarded in vitro fertilisation | Ethical concerns of destroying embryos, greater chance of initiating immune response | +| Multipotent | Adult stem cells | Limited to cells of their group/organ/location (e.g., blood stem cells to red blood cells, white blood cells, etc.) | Easy to harvest, easy to find | Immune response, limited potential | +| Induced pluripotent | Multipotent stem cells | Reprogramming multipotent stem cells using embryonic genes using a virus | Same as pluripotent | Does not require new embryos, immune response not expected, high potential | Technology not there yet to make this possible | + +### Potential uses of stem cells + - Studying cell growth and function + - Testing drugs on specific target cells + - Lab-grown meat for vegetarian purposes + - Regenerative medicine to replace tissues (e.g., blindness, bone marrow transplant, cancers, limb regrowth)