From cb04baf0aecb47acef769eaeaa8e26fa26d5a758 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Daniel Chen <eggyrules@gmail.com> Date: Thu, 7 Nov 2019 16:10:55 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Update Unit 2: Biology.md --- Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md | 11 +++++++---- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md b/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md index d0fea66..d795523 100644 --- a/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md +++ b/Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 2: Biology.md @@ -178,6 +178,9 @@ A person contains roughly 100 trillion cells - e.g., red blood cells, hair cells, skin, injuries, broken bones ### Cell cycle + +<img src="https://www2.le.ac.uk/projects/vgec/diagrams/22-Cell-cycle.gif" width="600"> + - **Interphase** - Large majority of a cell's time is spent in interphase - **G1**: (normal growth and function), @@ -207,10 +210,10 @@ A person contains roughly 100 trillion cells | Phase | Diagram | Description | | :--- | :--- | :--- | -| Prophase | | - Chromatin condenses into two identical `sister chromatids` which condense into `chromosomes` <br> - Happens to 23 pairs of chromosomes <br> - Nuclear membrane dissolves <br> - Centrosomes move to opposite ends (`poles`) of cell, creating `spindle fibres` that begin to attach to `centromeres` in animal cells | -| Metaphase | | - Chromosomes line up in centre of cell to ensure they divide evenly <br> - Everything in prophase has completed (e.g., nuclear membrane has dissolved completely) | -| Anaphase | | - Centromeres split, separating sister chromatids <br> - Sister chromatids are pulled towards opposite sides of cell via shortening spindle fibres <br> - Sister chromatids are now called `daughter chromomsomes` | -| Telophase | | - Effectively opposite of prophase <br> - Nuclear membranes form across each of the two new nuclei <br> - Daughter chromosomes unwind into chromatin and are no longer visible <br> - Nucleolus forms in each nucleus <br> - Spindle fibres break apart <br> - **Cytokinesis** usually begins in telophase <br> - Cells starts to **cleave** (cell centre starts to pinch itself) | +| Prophase | <img src="http://www.edupic.net/Images/Mitosis/prophase_3D.png" width="250"> | - Chromatin condenses into two identical `sister chromatids` which condense into `chromosomes` <br> - Happens to 23 pairs of chromosomes <br> - Nuclear membrane dissolves <br> - Centrosomes move to opposite ends (`poles`) of cell, creating `spindle fibres` that begin to attach to `centromeres` in animal cells | +| Metaphase | <img src="http://www.edupic.net/Images/Mitosis/metaphase_3D.png" width="250"> | - Chromosomes line up in centre of cell to ensure they divide evenly <br> - Everything in prophase has completed (e.g., nuclear membrane has dissolved completely) | +| Anaphase | <img src="http://www.edupic.net/Images/Mitosis/anaphase_3D.png" width="250"> | - Centromeres split, separating sister chromatids <br> - Sister chromatids are pulled towards opposite sides of cell via shortening spindle fibres <br> - Sister chromatids are now called `daughter chromomsomes` | +| Telophase | <img src="http://www.edupic.net/Images/Mitosis/telophase_3D.png" width="250"> | - Effectively opposite of prophase <br> - Nuclear membranes form across each of the two new nuclei <br> - Daughter chromosomes unwind into chromatin and are no longer visible <br> - Nucleolus forms in each nucleus <br> - Spindle fibres break apart <br> - **Cytokinesis** usually begins in telophase <br> - Cells starts to **cleave** (cell centre starts to pinch itself) | ### Cytokinesis - Cell division