diff --git a/Grade 9/Science/SNC1DZ/Study_Sheet.md b/Grade 9/Science/SNC1DZ/Study_Sheet.md index c829c62..a8ad3e3 100644 --- a/Grade 9/Science/SNC1DZ/Study_Sheet.md +++ b/Grade 9/Science/SNC1DZ/Study_Sheet.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ # Unit 2 -# Chemistry Vocabulary List +## Chemistry Vocabulary List @@ -23,57 +23,57 @@
-# Physical Properties +## Physical Properties - A characeristic of a substance that can be determined without changing the composition ("make-up") of that substance - Characteristics can be determinded using your 5 senses and measuring instruments - smell, taste, touch, hearing, sight - scales, tape, measuring meter -# Qualitative and Quantitative Properties +## Qualitative and Quantitative Properties -> |Type|Definition|Example| -> |:---|:---------|:------| -> |Quantitative Property|A property that IS measured and has **```a numerical value```** |Ex. **```Temperature, height, mass, density```**| -> |Qualitative Property|A property that is NOT measured and has **```no numerical value```**|Ex. **```Colour, odor, texture```**| + |Type|Definition|Example| + |:---|:---------|:------| + |Quantitative Property|A property that IS measured and has **```a numerical value```** |Ex. **```Temperature, height, mass, density```**| + |Qualitative Property|A property that is NOT measured and has **```no numerical value```**|Ex. **```Colour, odor, texture```**| -> ## Quantitative physical Properties -> - **```Density```**: amount of ```stuff``` (or mass) per unit volume (g/cm3) -> - **```Freezing Point```**: point where water solidifies (0oC) -> - **```Melting Point```**: point where water liquefies (0oC) -> - **```Boiling Point```**: point where liquid phase becomes gaseous (100oC) +## Quantitative physical Properties + - **```Density```**: amount of ```stuff``` (or mass) per unit volume (g/cm3) + - **```Freezing Point```**: point where water solidifies (0oC) + - **```Melting Point```**: point where water liquefies (0oC) + - **```Boiling Point```**: point where liquid phase becomes gaseous (100oC) ->> ## Common Qualitative Physical Properties +## Common Qualitative Physical Properties ->> |Type|Definition|Example| ->> |:---|:---------|:------| ->> |Lustre|Shininess of dullness
Referred to as high or low lustre depending on the shininess|| ->> |Clarity|The ability to allow light through|```Transparent``` (Glass)
```Translucent``` (Frosted Glass)
```Opaque``` (Brick)| ->> |Brittleness|Breakability or flexibility
Glass would be considered as brittle whereas slime/clay are flexible| ->> |Viscosity|The ability of a liquid or gas to resist flow or not pour readily through
Refer to as more or less viscous|Molasses is more viscous, water is less (gases tend to get"thicker as heated; liquids get runnier)| ->> |Hardness|The relative ability to scratch or be scratched by another substance
Referred to as high or low level of hardness| Can use a scale (1 is wax, 10 is diamond)| ->> |Malleability|the ability of a substance ```to be hammered``` into a thinner sheet or molded|Silver is malleable
Play dough/pizza dough is less
glass is not malleable| ->> |Ductility|the ability of a substance to be pulled into a finer strand|Pieces of copper can be drawn into thin wires, ductile| ->> |Electrical Conductivity|The ability of a substance to allow electric current to pass through it
Refer to as high and low conductivity|Copper wires have high conductivity
Plastic has no conductivity| ->> |Form: Crystalline Solid|Have their particles arranged in an orderly geometric pattern|Salt and Diamonods| ->> |Form: Amorphous Solid|Have their particles randomly distributed without any long-range-pattern|Plastic, Glass, Charcoal| + |Type|Definition|Example| + |:---|:---------|:------| + |Lustre|Shininess of dullness
Referred to as high or low lustre depending on the shininess|| + |Clarity|The ability to allow light through|```Transparent``` (Glass)
```Translucent``` (Frosted Glass)
```Opaque``` (Brick)| + |Brittleness|Breakability or flexibility
Glass would be considered as brittle whereas slime/clay are flexible| + |Viscosity|The ability of a liquid or gas to resist flow or not pour readily through
Refer to as more or less viscous|Molasses is more viscous, water is less (gases tend to get"thicker as heated; liquids get runnier)| + |Hardness|The relative ability to scratch or be scratched by another substance
Referred to as high or low level of hardness| Can use a scale (1 is wax, 10 is diamond)| + |Malleability|the ability of a substance ```to be hammered``` into a thinner sheet or molded|Silver is malleable
Play dough/pizza dough is less
glass is not malleable| + |Ductility|the ability of a substance to be pulled into a finer strand|Pieces of copper can be drawn into thin wires, ductile| + |Electrical Conductivity|The ability of a substance to allow electric current to pass through it
Refer to as high and low conductivity|Copper wires have high conductivity
Plastic has no conductivity| + |Form: Crystalline Solid|Have their particles arranged in an orderly geometric pattern|Salt and Diamonods| + |Form: Amorphous Solid|Have their particles randomly distributed without any long-range-pattern|Plastic, Glass, Charcoal| # Chemical Property -> A characteristic (property) of a substance that describes its ability to undergo ```changes to its composition to produce one of more new substances. AKA BEHAVIOUR. Everything has one!``` -> ```Cannot be determined by physical properties``` +- A characteristic (property) of a substance that describes its ability to undergo ```changes to its composition to produce one of more new substances. AKA BEHAVIOUR. Everything has one!``` +- ```Cannot be determined by physical properties``` -> E.g. ability of nails /cars to rust -> Firewors are explosive +- E.g. ability of nails /cars to rust +- Firewors are explosive -> Denim is resistant to soap, but is combustible +- Denim is resistant to soap, but is combustible -> Baking soda reacts with vinegar and cake ingredients to rise +- Baking soda reacts with vinegar and cake ingredients to rise -> Bacterial cultures convert milk to cheese, grapes to wine, cocoa to chocolate +- Bacterial cultures convert milk to cheese, grapes to wine, cocoa to chocolate -> CLR used to clean kettles, showerheads because it breaks down minerals +- CLR used to clean kettles, showerheads because it breaks down minerals -> Silver cleaner for tarnished jewellery, dishes because silver reacts with air to turn black +- Silver cleaner for tarnished jewellery, dishes because silver reacts with air to turn black # Elements @@ -83,21 +83,21 @@ - For example, only five elements account for over 90% of the Earth's crust: oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron and calcium. -# Naming +## Naming 1. Write cation (metal) first 2. Write anion (non-metal) second 3. Change the ending of the non-metal to ```ide```. -# Decomposition +## Decomposition - A chemical change used t o break compounds down into simpler substances - Energy must be ADDED - Using electricity - Adding thermal energy -# Catalyst +## Catalyst - Substance that SPEEDS UP a chemical change without being consumed OR changed itself -# Use Of Hydrogen Peroxide +## Use Of Hydrogen Peroxide - On cuts/scraps - Blood has a catalyst = see bubbling O2 - Cleans contact lenses