Update Unit 1: Chemistry Part 2.md

Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 1: Chemistry Part 2.md

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 ## Acids
 
 ### Naming Binary Acids
-- $`HCL_{(g)} \rightarrow`$ hydrogen chloride
-- $`HCL_{(aq)} \rightarrow`$ **hydro**fluoric **acid**
+- $`HCl_{(g)} \rightarrow`$ hydrogen chloride
+- $`HCl_{(aq)} \rightarrow`$ **hydro**fluoric **acid**
 - Need to put the **hydro** prefix as it tells us its disolved in water and is an acid
 
 ## Oxyacids
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
     - We use an arrow instead of an equal sign to show `beomces`, `reacts to form`, `produces`
     - On the **left** side, we always have the **`REACTANTS`**, (INPUT), these get used up in the chemical reaction
         - There can be plus signs to show multiple `reactants`. (Recipes, we are adding them together)
-    - On the **right** side, we have the **`PRODUCTS**` (OUTPUT).
+    - On the **right** side, we have the **`PRODUCTS`** (OUTPUT).
         - Newly produced/made from `reactants`  
         - Plus signs show multple products, more like an **AND** more than anything else
 - In a chemical reaction, reactant, molecules/atoms/formula units/ions reaarange to produce products moleccules/atoms/ions/formula units
@@ -49,19 +49,48 @@
     - neutralization
 
 ## Sythensis
-- When 2 or more substances combines into one substance
+- When 2 or more substances combine into one substance
 - $`A + B \rightarrow AB`$
 
 ## Decomposition
-- With a substance breaks down into 2 or more substances
+- When a substance breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances
 - $`AB \rightarrow A + B`$
 
 ## Single Diplacement
-- When 
+- When an element displaces another of the same group in a substance
+- $`A + BC \rightarrow B + AC`$
 
 ## Double Displacement
+ - When two cations switch places in two substances
+ - $`AB + CD \rightarrow CB + AD`$
+ - Note: If both products would be aqueous, there is no reaction
 
 ## Combustion
+ - Two types: Combustion with metals and combustion with hydrocarbons
+ - Combustion requires and releases heat but for the purposes of grade 10 chemistry this is ignored
+ - Combustion with metals
+    - When a pure metal and oxygen gas react to produce the most common oxide
+    - e.g., $`2Mg + O_{2(g)} \rightarrow 2MgO_{2(s)}`$
+ - Combustion with hydrocarbons
+    - Two types: Complete and incomplete combustion
+    - Complete combustion
+        - When a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce water and carbon dioxide
+        - Only works when enough oxygen is provided
+        - Flame is blue
+        - e.g., $`CH_{4} + 2O_{2} \rightarrow 2H_{2}O + CO_{2}`$
+    - Incomplete combustion
+        - When a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce water, carbon dioxide, carbon, and/or carbon monoxide
+        - Lack of oxygen prevents complete combustion
+        - No hydrogen can be left over
+        - Flame is orange/yellow
+        - e.g., $`2CH_{4} + 3O_{2} \rightarrow 4H_{2}O + 2CO`$
 
 ## Neutralization
-
+ - When an acid and base react with each other
+ - Changes properties of both the acid and base so that they are no longer acidic nor basic
+ - Acids give their hydrogen ion to the base
+ - Looks similar to double displacement
+ - Always makes a salt and water
+    - Note: Scientific definition of salt is any soluble ionic compound
+ - $`H(A) + B(OH) \rightarrow AB + H_{2}O`$
+ - e.g., $`HCl_{(aq)} + NaOH_{(aq)} \rightarrow NaCl_{(aq)} + H_{2}O`$