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Update Unit 1: Chemistry Part 2.md

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Grade 10/Science/SNC2DZ/Unit 1: Chemistry Part 2.md
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## Acids ## Acids
### Naming Binary Acids ### Naming Binary Acids
- $`HCL_{(g)} \rightarrow`$ hydrogen chloride - $`HCl_{(g)} \rightarrow`$ hydrogen chloride
- $`HCL_{(aq)} \rightarrow`$ **hydro**fluoric **acid** - $`HCl_{(aq)} \rightarrow`$ **hydro**fluoric **acid**
- Need to put the **hydro** prefix as it tells us its disolved in water and is an acid - Need to put the **hydro** prefix as it tells us its disolved in water and is an acid
## Oxyacids ## Oxyacids
@ -67,13 +67,30 @@
## Combustion ## Combustion
- Two types: Combustion with metals and combustion with hydrocarbons - Two types: Combustion with metals and combustion with hydrocarbons
- Combustion requires heat but for the purposes of grade 10 chemistry this is ignored - Combustion requires and releases heat but for the purposes of grade 10 chemistry this is ignored
- Combustion with metals - Combustion with metals
- When a pure metal and oxygen gas react to produce the most common oxide - When a pure metal and oxygen gas react to produce the most common oxide
- e.g., $`2Mg + O_{2(g)} \rightarrow 2MgO_{2(s)}`$ - e.g., $`2Mg + O_{2(g)} \rightarrow 2MgO_{2(s)}`$
- Combustion with hydrocarbons - Combustion with hydrocarbons
- Two types: Complete and incomplete - Two types: Complete and incomplete combustion
- When a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce - Complete combustion
- When a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce water and carbon dioxide
- Only works when enough oxygen is provided
- Flame is blue
- e.g., $`CH_{4} + 2O_{2} \rightarrow 2H_{2}O + CO_{2}`$
- Incomplete combustion
- When a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce water, carbon dioxide, carbon, and/or carbon monoxide
- Lack of oxygen prevents complete combustion
- No hydrogen can be left over
- Flame is orange/yellow
- e.g., $`2CH_{4} + 3O_{2} \rightarrow 4H_{2}O + 2CO`
## Neutralization ## Neutralization
- When an acid and base react with each other
- Changes properties of both the acid and base so that they are no longer acidic nor basic
- Acids give their hydrogen ion to the base
- Looks similar to double displacement
- Always makes a salt and water
- Note: Scientific definition of salt is any soluble ionic compound
- $`H(A) + B(OH) \rightarrow AB + H_{2}O`$
- e.g., $`HCl_{(aq)} + NaOH_{(aq)} \rightarrow NaCl_{(aq)} + H_{2}O`$