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68 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
68 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
# Chemistry
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## Acids
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### Naming Binary Acids
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- $`HCL_{(g)} \rightarrow`$ hydrogen chloride
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- $`HCL_{(aq)} \rightarrow`$ **hydro**fluoric **acid**
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- Need to put the **hydro** prefix as it tells us its disolved in water and is an acid
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## Oxyacids
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### Naming Oxyacids
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- `ite` ions make `ous` acides (suffix). $`HCLO_2 = `$ Chlor**ous** acid
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- `ate` ions make `ic` acides (suffix). $`HCLO_3 = `$ Chlor**ic** acid
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- Prefixes stay the same
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## Chemical Change
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- Similar to chemical reaction
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## Evidence of Chemical Change: (observations that tell us its happening)
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1. A new gas is formed (new odour, formation of bubbles)
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2. A large change in energy (eg. Light, heat, sound, electricity)
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3. A new colour is formed
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4. A new solid is formed
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## Representing Chemical Reactions
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- A Chemical equation!
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- Used to model what is happening during a chemical reaction.
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- We use an arrow instead of an equal sign to show `beomces`, `reacts to form`, `produces`
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- On the **left** side, we always have the **`REACTANTS`**, (INPUT), these get used up in the chemical reaction
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- There can be plus signs to show multiple `reactants`. (Recipes, we are adding them together)
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- On the **right** side, we have the **`PRODUCTS**` (OUTPUT).
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- Newly produced/made from `reactants`
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- Plus signs show multple products, more like an **AND** more than anything else
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- In a chemical reaction, reactant, molecules/atoms/formula units/ions reaarange to produce products moleccules/atoms/ions/formula units
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- eg. Wax $`+`$ oxygen gase $`\rightarrow`$ Soot $`+`$ Water $`+`$ Carbon dioxide.
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- A `word` equation
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- $`\triangle`$ Greek letter to represent heat.
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- $`C_{25}H_{52(g)} + O_{2(g)} \rightarrow^\triangle C_{(g)} + H_2O_{(g)} + CO_{2(g)}`$
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## Types Of Reactions
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- 6 types of reactions
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- synthesis
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- decomposition
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- single displacement
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- double displacement
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- combustion
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- neutralization
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## Sythensis
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- When 2 or more substances combines into one substance
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- $`A + B \rightarrow AB`$
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## Decomposition
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- With a substance breaks down into 2 or more substances
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- $`AB \rightarrow A + B`$
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## Single Diplacement
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- When
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## Double Displacement
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## Combustion
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## Neutralization
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