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eggy 2021-03-03 09:05:01 -05:00
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@ -61,16 +61,16 @@ The abundance of **diverse** data allows for greater perspectives to be gleaned
- A **sound** argument is of valid form and has a true premise.
- An **argument** is a simple statement or disagreement that attempts to reach a conclusion by proving something true with evidence. Good arguments are sound, valid, clear, and avoids hasty conclusions.
**Aristotle** laid the foundations for the principles of formal logic and laid three laws of thought.
**Aristotle** laid the foundations for the principles of formal logic via the three laws of thought.
- **Law of identity**: everything is identical with itself.
- **Law of noncontradiction**: contradictory statements cannot both be true.
- **Law of excluded middle**: any proposition must either be true or false.
!!! example
- Identity: A football is a football.
- Noncontradiction: If water and oil do not mix, and substance A mixes in water, it must not be oil.
- Excluded middle: The Nintendo Switch must either be or not be a potato.
- Identity: A football is a football.
- Noncontradiction: If water and oil do not mix, and substance A mixes in water, it must not be oil.
- Excluded middle: The Nintendo Switch must either be or not be a potato.
**Deductive** arguments connect a general statement to a more specific statement based on laws, rules, and/or widely accepted principles.