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47 lines
1.6 KiB
Markdown
47 lines
1.6 KiB
Markdown
# Unit 1: Chemistry
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- Matter - has mass, takes up space.
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- fundamental unit -> ATOMS
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## Atoms
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- Atoms are the smallest unit of an element that still retains its properties
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- Atoms are made of subatomic particles
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- Relative Charge: compared to something.
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- AMU = atomic mass units
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- models allow people to make accurate preictions about the behaviour of matter
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- atmoic notation $`_{19}K`$
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- an isotope is an atom (or atoms) of an element with a unique # of neutrons
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|Name |Symbol|Relative mass (amu)|Location|Relative Charge|
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|:--------|:-----|:------------------|:-------|:--------------|
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|Protons |$`p^+`$| $`1`$ |nucleus | $`+1`$ |
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|Neutrons |$`n^0`$| $`1`$ |nucleus | $`0`$ |
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|Electrons|$`e^-`$|$`~\dfrac{1}{2000}`$|in orbit around nucleus (shell, energy level)|$`-1`$|
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## IUPAC
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|Letter|Definition|
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|:-----|:---------|
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|I|International|
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|U|Union|
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|P|Pure and|
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|A|Applied|
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|C|Chemistry|
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- Involved in studying, varifying information (eg the periodic table -> Describes the elements -> pure susbtances made of only one kind of atom),and publishing.
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## Trends on the Periodic Table
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- Same energy level in each period
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- Same number of valence electrons in each group
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- Across a row/period $`\rightarrow`$ more $`p^+`$ in nucleus $`\rightarrow`$ greater attraction to $`e^-`$
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- s
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## Metals
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- They tend to lose electrons
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- They are shiny, ductile, malleable, conductive
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- They have a weak/loose hold on electrons
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## Non-Metals
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- They are dull, bad conductors - insulators
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- Tend to gain electrons
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- The have a strong hold on electrons
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