highschool/Grade 9/Science/SNC1DZ/Study_Sheet.md

Unit 1

Unit 2

Physical Properties

• A characeristic of a substance that can be determined without changing the composition (“make-up”) of that substance
• Characteristics can be determinded using your 5 senses and measuring instruments
  • smell, taste, touch, hearing, sight
  • scales, tape, measuring meter

Qualitative and Quantitative Properties

Type	Definition	Example
Quantitative Property	A property that is
Qualitative Property	A property that is NOT measured and has no numerical value

Quantitative physical Properties

• Density” amount of stuff (or mass) per unit volume (g/cm³)
• Freezing Point

Common

Type	Definition	Example
Lustre: Shininess of dullness	Referred to as high or low lustre depending on the shininess
Clarity: The ability to allow light through		Transparent (Glass) Translucent (Frosted Glass) Opaque (Brick)
Brittleness: Breakability or flexibility	Glass would be considered as brittle whereas slime/clay are flexible
Viscosity: The ability of a liquid or gas to resist flow or not pour readily through	Refer to as more or less viscous	Molasses is more viscous, water is less (gases tend to get”thicker as heated; liquids get runnier)
Hardness: The relative ability to scratch or be scratched by another substance	Referred to as high or low level of hardness. Can uses a scale (1 is wax; 10 is diamond)
Malleability: the ability of a substance to be hammered into a thinner sheet or molded		Silver is malleable Play dough/pizza dough is less glass is not malleable
Ductility: the ability of a substance to be pulled into a finer strand		Pieces of copper can be drawn into thin wires, ductile
Electrical Conductivity: The ability of a substance to allow electric current to pass through it	Refer to as high and low conductivity	Copper wires have high conductivity Plastic has no conductivity

Crystalline vs. Amorphous Solids

Chemical Property

A characteristic (property) of a substance that describes its ability to undergo changes to its composition to produce one of more new substances. AKA BEHAVIOUR. Everything has one! Cannot be determined by physical properties

E.g. ability of nails /cars to rust Firewors are explosive

Denim is resistant to soap, but is combustible

Baking soda reacts with vinegar and cake ingredients to rise

Bacterial cultures convert milk to cheese, grapes to wine, cocoa to chocolate

CLR used to clean kettles, showerheads because it breaks down minerals

Silver cleaner for tarnished jewellery, dishes because silver reacts with air to turn black