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63 lines
2.7 KiB
Markdown
63 lines
2.7 KiB
Markdown
# Unit 1
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# Unit 2
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# Physical Properties
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- A characeristic of a substance that can be determined without changing the composition ("make-up") of that substance
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- Characteristics can be determinded using your 5 senses and measuring instruments
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- smell, taste, touch, hearing, sight
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- scales, tape, measuring meter
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> # Qualitative and Quantitative Properties
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> |Type|Definition|Example|
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> |:---|:---------|:------|
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> |Quantitative Property|A property that is |
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> |Qualitative Property|A property that is NOT measured and has ```no numerical value```|
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> ## Quantitative physical Properties
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> - **```Density```**" amount of ```stuff``` (or mass) per unit volume (g/cm<sup>3</sup>)
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> - **```Freezing Point```**
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>> ## Common
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>> |Type|Definition|Example|
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>> |:---|:---------|:------|
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>> |Lustre: Shininess of dullness|Referred to as high or low lustre depending on the shininess|
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>> |Clarity: The ability to allow light through||```Transparent``` (Glass) <br>```Translucent``` (Frosted Glass) <br>```Opaque``` (Brick)|
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>> |Brittleness: Breakability or flexibility| Glass would be considered as brittle whereas slime/clay are flexible|
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>> |Viscosity: The ability of a liquid or gas to resist flow or not pour readily through|Refer to as more or less viscous|Molasses is more viscous, water is less (gases tend to get"thicker as heated; liquids get runnier)|
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>> |Hardness: The relative ability to scratch or be scratched by another substance|Referred to as high or low level of hardness. Can uses a scale (1 is wax; 10 is diamond)|
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>> |Malleability: the ability of a substance ```to be hammered``` into a thinner sheet or molded||Silver is malleable<br> Play dough/pizza dough is less<br> glass is not malleable|
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>> |Ductility: the ability of a substance to be pulled into a finer strand||Pieces of copper can be drawn into thin wires, ductile|
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>> |Electrical Conductivity: The ability of a substance to allow electric current to pass through it|Refer to as high and low conductivity|Copper wires have high conductivity<br> Plastic has no conductivity|
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> ## Crystalline vs. Amorphous Solids
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# Chemical Property
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> A characteristic (property) of a substance that describes its ability to undergo ```changes to its composition to produce one of more new substances. AKA BEHAVIOUR. Everything has one!```
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> ```Cannot be determined by physical properties```
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> E.g. ability of nails /cars to rust
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> Firewors are explosive
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> Denim is resistant to soap, but is combustible
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> Baking soda reacts with vinegar and cake ingredients to rise
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> Bacterial cultures convert milk to cheese, grapes to wine, cocoa to chocolate
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> CLR used to clean kettles, showerheads because it breaks down minerals
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> Silver cleaner for tarnished jewellery, dishes because silver reacts with air to turn black
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